As a property owner faced with cleanup of a contaminated property, you may be struggling with the issues of what you will need to do to ensure your property is restored to a healthy and safe condition. In most cases the homeowners must select which method will be used, based on many factors. To help you understand what the most common options are, we have provided a breif overview of the processes typically used to deal with simple soil contamination. A. Haul and Fill Materials are removed from the contaminated site and relocated to an approved landfill. The property is then back filled with clean dirt from another source. Pro : This method is fast, and assuming contaminated soil is easily accessible, can be accomplished in one application. Con : Contaminated soil may have to be shipped considerable distances to an approved landfill site. Trucking costs can quickly eliminate any economic advantage. Clean replacement soil may be difficult to find as well. And, since the contaminated soil is never actually treated, but rather contained in a landfill with other sources of contaminated soils, the toxins are concentrated in a single point, creating a potential health hazard for future generations. B. Thermal Destruction Material removed to incineration facility (either on-site or off-site location) where soil is burned to destroy contamination. Sterile soil may be returned to site, or site can be back filled with clean soil. Pro : This method is fast, and assuming contaminated soil is easily accessible, can be accomplished in one application. Con : Burning soil in an approved, zero emission facility is expensive, and unless a facility is nearby, may be cost prohibitive when trucking charges are included. The process of burning hazardous materials has been shown to produce a secondary waste stream of toxic compounds known as dioxins and furons, both known carcinogens. C. Capping: Additional material is brought on to site and contaminated soil is buried beneath "cap" of soil. Pro : This method is fast, and can be accomplished in one application. Con : No treatment to contamination is accomplished. Future liability may occur if studies reveal migration of contaminates from the capped area to others via water movement, shifts in soils, or other means. D. Anaerobic Bio-Remediation - also called anaerobic digestion Anaerobic microbes (those not relying on oxygen) are either added to soil, or soil conditions are made to favor their growth, and the enzymes produced by these organisms then dissolve organic compounds that make up the hazardous substance. The process is often used with oil based contaminates (crude oil, gas, diesel, lube oils etc) as well as chlorinated compounds. Pro : Environmentally friendly method degrades contaminates over time. Con : Remediation time may takes many months or even years to bring contamination down to safe levels. May require several applications. E. Aerobic Bio-Remediation Aerobic (oxygen loving) microbes are introduced to the soil via additional bio-mass (wood chips, straw, grass, other) to promote a vigorous growth of mycelia, actinomycetes, bacteria and other naturally occurring soils micro-organisms to decompose organic compounds. The process is often used with oil based contaminates (crude oil, gas, diesel, lube oils etc) as well as chlorinated compounds. Pro : Environmentally friendly method degrades contaminates over time. Can usually be accomplished in a single application. Aerobic reaction is faster than anearobic bio-remediation technology. Con : Remediation time requires more a few weeks or months to bring contamination down to safe levels. For home-owners concerned with the environment, the bio-remediation choice is clearly the best option, since the contaminates are naturally degraded, instead of simply removed to another location. There are many companies specializing in bio-remediation practices. For more information on Aerobic Bio-remediation, visit www.theremediators.com
...read more