Foundations Used in Building Construction

The foundation is the first step in building construction. Whether building a shed or a high rise, a solid foundation determines the stability, safety and durability of the structure.  Contractors determine the foundation based on the soil, geologic stability and type of building to be constructed. Quality building design begins with the foundation.

Strip Foundations

Strip foundations are used for homes located in areas with a strong soil base with low water tables. These buildings have no basement, and the floor and structure is built on the foundation. Dimensions are around 17 inches width and around 36 inches deep with one or two layers of steel mesh laid within the concrete to reinforce the foundation.

Raft Foundation

Raft foundations is necessitated in waterlogged, sandy areas where the soil is unstable. The load of the building is spread over a large area. This is used in buildings with few stories.  The rafts support a concrete slab reinforced with layers of steel mesh.

Pad Foundation

Pad foundations are commonly used in buildings that have an underground parking structure.  Isolated pillars are cast to support the foundation building structure above. An example would be a house built over a stream. The columns are isolated and the foundation is known as a pad.

Pile Foundation

Pile foundations are the most expensive and the sturdiest of all the foundation types. Piles are driven deep into the ground, penetrating bedrock or deep rock strata. This method is used in unstable soil and in skyscrapers. Engineers with specialized training are hired for this type of construction.